How can we break through the bottleneck of China's

How can we break through the bottleneck of China's manufacturing innovation system

since the 1980s, China has built a large number of manufacturing innovation carriers. By the end of 2015, the Ministry of science and technology has led the construction of 481 national key laboratories, 478 national engineering technology research centers, the development and Reform Commission has led the construction of 158 national engineering laboratories, 132 national engineering research centers, 1187 national recognized enterprise technology centers, and the Ministry of education has led the construction of 38 2011 collaborative innovation centers and other innovation carriers. These innovation carriers have played an important role in promoting China's scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. But at the same time, these established innovation carriers are basically in different positions on the chain of "technology generation diffusion first commercialization industrialization", which are relatively independent of each other. Moreover, most of these innovation carriers are built by public institutions or relying on universities, scientific research institutions or state-owned enterprises. The innovation force is relatively scattered, which is difficult to adapt to the new trend and requirements of networking collaborative innovation. It is urgent to establish new innovation carriers, Create 14% of the manufacturing industry for combustion or energy recovery collaborative innovation network

first, the problem of inefficient and decentralized resource allocation is still prominent, and it is difficult to release the innovation potential. Due to institutional reasons, scientific and technological innovation activities in various fields, departments and aspects are generally fragmented, such as decentralization, closure, cross duplication and so on. The phenomenon of various government departments' multiple management, repeated investment, fighting on their own and fighting alone is prominent. Industrial innovation activities are carried out in research units of various departments. These units are independent of each other and only need to complete the task of technological research and development, regardless of whether the results can match and connect with the technology of other links of the industrial chain. The technological breakthrough of scientific research results is often only a single technology in a certain field, resulting in a serious "island" phenomenon of industrial innovation

second, the transformation channel of innovation achievements is not smooth, and the supporting effect of technological innovation on industrial economy is not strong. The outstanding performance is that the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements to industry is not enough, mainly due to the lack of suppliers of key technologies common to industry and the lack of close cooperation between industry, University and research. After the transformation of the original industrial scientific research institutions, in order to survive and meet the assessment requirements of asset preservation and appreciation, they have no time and are unable to take into account the research and development of common technologies, and the professional talent team is constantly weakening and losing. At the same time, the effective mechanism of industry university research collaborative innovation has not yet been formed. Colleges and universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises have different evaluation mechanisms and interest orientation, and the purposes of their innovation activities are seriously differentiated, resulting in the disconnection between R & D and industrialization in the innovation chain

third, the construction of innovation service platform lags behind, and the support for innovation driven development is insufficient. The construction of China's manufacturing innovation service system is not perfect, technological innovation service resources are scattered, various technological innovation service institutions are insufficient in capacity, and the service mode is obsolete, which cannot provide effective services for industrial technological innovation. In particular, most platforms mainly provide single services such as information consulting, product testing, industrial information publicity, etc., while financing guarantee, talent exchange, quality testing technical guidance, training services, international cooperation, etc. are insufficient, and the ability to serve and support industrial innovation needs to be improved

suggestions on improving the manufacturing innovation system

speed up the construction of manufacturing innovation center and complete the manufacturing innovation chain. In view of the disconnection between basic research and industrialization in the manufacturing innovation system, we should fully integrate existing innovation resources, create a number of manufacturing innovation centers around the major needs of key areas, and reshape the manufacturing innovation system. The innovation center relies on enterprises, scientific research institutes and universities to establish an industry university research collaborative innovation community, highlighting the main role of enterprises. At the same time, relying on provinces and cities with strong manufacturing foundation and strong R & D and innovation strength, we will explore and create a number of regional manufacturing innovation centers to form a multi-level and networked manufacturing innovation system. The innovation center should explore the market-oriented operation mechanism to realize self-development. 1. Whether the fixture is convenient to use, quiet and sustainable, while giving full play to the spillover effect and optimizing the manufacturing innovation ecological environment

concentrate industrial innovation resources and prospectively layout key technology fields. In view of the dispersion and repetition of China's innovation resources, we should coordinate resources and unify the platform through top-level design, and focus on supporting the development and breakthroughs of two major categories of technologies, including key generic technologies and industrial cutting-edge technologies. National and local technological innovation platforms such as science and technology infrastructure, research centers, laboratories, etc., built with government funds, should increase the opening to enterprises, especially private enterprises, and realize the sharing of innovation resources

strengthen the collaboration between enterprise entities and industry university research, and open up the channel from science and technology to industry. Enterprises are an important force in the close integration of science and technology and economy. We should strengthen the dominant position of enterprises, give full play to the leading role of large state-owned enterprises in the technological innovation system, and encourage and support private enterprises to establish R & D institutions, laboratories and pilot bases. We should encourage industry university research to jointly tackle key problems, give play to the leading role of backbone enterprises, the coordinated supporting role of small and medium-sized enterprises, the basic role of technical support of universities and scientific research institutions, and the role of industry intermediary organizations in ensuring services, and form a collaborative innovation mechanism of industry University research with joint development, complementary advantages, shared achievements, and shared risks

accelerate the construction of four types of innovation service platforms, and enhance the supporting ability of manufacturing innovation to take the average value as the hardness value of the test piece. First, build a number of public service platforms to promote collaborative innovation in the manufacturing industry, standardize relevant service standards, carry out technical research and development, inspection and testing, technical evaluation, technology trading, quality certification, talent training and other professional services, and promote the transformation, promotion and application of scientific and technological achievements; The second is to build a manufacturing engineering data center in key fields to provide enterprises with open and shared services of innovative knowledge and engineering data; Third, build a number of large-scale scientific instruments and equipment sharing platforms, invest in the construction of a number of major scientific research and experimental facilities according to the common needs of manufacturing enterprises, and promote the opening of non classified and non special regulations on scientific research facilities and instruments to the society to realize resource sharing; Fourth, build a number of manufacturing financial service platforms, innovate the combination of industry and finance, introduce diversified investment mechanisms, and give play to the role of financial capital and industrial capital as boosters